"The campfires are little relatives of the solar flares that we can observe from Earth, million or billion times smaller," David Berghmans, a space physicist at the Royal Observatory of Belgium, and principal investigator of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager instrument, which took those images, said in another ESA statement (opens in new tab) shortly after the 2020 perihelion. Long terms plans in the next decade include Solar Orbiter to study the Sun at. The payload consists of ten experiments, some of which have several sensors for in-situ. ESA’s Sun-exploring mission Solar Orbiter will take the closest ever images of the surface of our parent star. Proceedings of the National Workshop (India) on 'Recent Advances in Solar. It was built at an estimated cost of 1.5bn. Solar Orbiter is an ESA-led mission with strong NASA participation. Images taken during Solar Orbiter's first close approach to the sun in June 2020 revealed never before observed miniature solar flares nicknamed the campfires. Solar Orbiter is a next generation solar-observing satellite developed by a collaboration between ESA and NASA. Solar Orbiter's ten instruments will use the Saturday close approach to take a new set of detailed images of the sun's atmosphere, make measurements of its magnetic field, as well as the solar wind emitted by the star as it hits the spacecraft. Future perihelions will see Solar Orbiter dive even slightly closer, up to 26 million miles (42 million km) away from the sun's surface. The previous closest approaches therefore took place farther away from the sun, at about half the sun-Earth distance. Since Solar Orbiter's launch in February 2020, ground control teams have been gradually tightening the spacecraft's orbit around the sun. Solar Orbiter, which approaches the star more cautiously, coming only as close as one third of the sun-Earth distance, is equipped with both types of sun-observing sensors direct imaging.
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